Nelson
Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013), was a South
African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist
who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was
South Africa's first black chief executive, and the first elected in
a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on
dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling
institutionalised racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering
racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and
democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National
Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997. Internationally, Mandela was
Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.
Mandela
served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in
Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign
lobbied for his release, which was granted in 1990 amid escalating
civil strife.
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